Implementation
24 Aug Admin
Implementation in JavaScript can be done in following two ways :-
1. Internal JavaScript
2. External JavaScript
Internal JavaScript
In internal javaScript , Javascript code is implemented internally inside the head section or inside the body section.
Inside the head section
24 Aug Admin
Implementation in JavaScript can be done in following two ways :-
1. Internal JavaScript
2. External JavaScript
Internal JavaScript
In internal javaScript , Javascript code is implemented internally inside the head section or inside the body section.
Inside the head section
Inside the body section
Inside the body section
Introduction to JavaScript
24 Aug Admin
JavaScript is a client side programming language used to add programming logic to web pages.
Brendan Eich (born July 4, 1961) is an American technologist and creator of the JavaScript programming language. He co-founded the Mozilla project,[2] the Mozilla Foundation and the Mozilla Corporation, and served as the Mozilla Corporation’s chief technical officer and briefly, as its chief executive officer.[3] He is the CEO of Brave Software.[4] For more(Wikipedia.org)
Applications of JavaScript :-
- Client side valiadtion
- Helps in manipulating HTML pages
- User Notification (Pop-ups in website)
- Back-end Data Loading (Ajax library)
- Presentations (RevealJs and BespokeJs)
- Server Applications (NodeJs)
There are many useful Javascript libraries available:-
- Angular
- React
- jQuery
- Vue.js
- Ext.js
- Ember.js
- Meteor
- Mithril
- Node.js
- Polymer
- Aurelia
- Backbone.js etc.
Basic JavaScript Example :-
<html>
<body>
<script>
</script>
</body>
</html>
Operators
C operators are symbols that are used to perform mathematical or logical manipulations. The C programming language is rich with built-in operators. Operators take part in a program for manipulating data and variables and form a part of the mathematical or logical expressions.
Types of operators:-
C programming language offers various types of operators having different functioning capabilities.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Increment and Decrement Operators
- Conditional Operator
- Bitwise Operators
- Special Operators
Arithmetic Operators:-
C supports all the basic arithmetic operators. The following table shows all the basic arithmetic operators.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
+ | adds two operands |
– | subtract second operands from first |
* | multiply two operand |
/ | divide numerator by denominator |
% | remainder of division |
++ | Increment operator – increases integer value by one |
— | Decrement operator – decreases integer value by one |
Relational operators:-
The following table shows all relation operators supported by C.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
== | Check if two operand are equal |
!= | Check if two operand are not equal. |
> | Check if operand on the left is greater than operand on the right |
< | Check operand on the left is smaller than right operand |
>= | check left operand is greater than or equal to right operand |
<= | Check if operand on left is smaller than or equal to right operand |
Logical operators:-
C language supports following 3 logical operators. Suppose a = 1
and b = 0
,
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
&& | Logical AND | (a && b) is false |
|| | Logical OR | (a || b) is true |
! | Logical NOT | (!a) is false |
Bitwise operators:-
Bitwise operators perform manipulations of data at bit level. These operators also perform shifting of bits from right to left. Bitwise operators are not applied to float
or double
(These are datatypes, we will learn about them in the next tutorial).
Operator | Description |
---|---|
& | Bitwise AND |
| | Bitwise OR |
^ | Bitwise exclusive OR |
<< | left shift |
>> | right shift |
Assignment Operators:-
Assignment operators supported by C language are as follows.
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
= | assigns values from right side operands to left side operand | a=b |
+= | adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left | a+=b is same as a=a+b |
-= | subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand | a-=b is same as a=a-b |
*= | mutiply left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand | a*=b is same as a=a*b |
/= | divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand | a/=b is same as a=a/b |
%= | calculate modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand | a%=b is same as a=a%b |
Conditional operator:-
The Conditional Operator in C, also called a Ternary operator, is one of the Operators, which used in the decision-making process. The C Programming Conditional Operator returns the statement depends upon the given expression result.
Example:-
Test_expression ? statement1: statement2
Special operator:-
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
sizeof | Returns the size of an variable | sizeof(x) return size of the variable x |
& | Returns the address of an variable | &x ; return address of the variable x |
* | Pointer to a variable | *x ; will be pointer to a variable x |
Operators
22 Aug Admin
C operators are symbols that are used to perform mathematical or logical manipulations. The C programming language is rich with built-in operators. Operators take part in a program for manipulating data and variables and form a part of the mathematical or logical expressions.
Types of operators:-
C programming language offers various types of operators having different functioning capabilities.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Increment and Decrement Operators
- Conditional Operator
- Bitwise Operators
- Special Operators
Arithmetic Operators:-
C supports all the basic arithmetic operators. The following table shows all the basic arithmetic operators.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
+ | adds two operands |
– | subtract second operands from first |
* | multiply two operand |
/ | divide numerator by denominator |
% | remainder of division |
++ | Increment operator – increases integer value by one |
— | Decrement operator – decreases integer value by one |
Relational operators:-
The following table shows all relation operators supported by C.
Operator | Description |
---|---|
== | Check if two operand are equal |
!= | Check if two operand are not equal. |
> | Check if operand on the left is greater than operand on the right |
< | Check operand on the left is smaller than right operand |
>= | check left operand is greater than or equal to right operand |
<= | Check if operand on left is smaller than or equal to right operand |
Logical operators:-
C language supports following 3 logical operators. Suppose a = 1
and b = 0
,
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
&& | Logical AND | (a && b) is false |
|| | Logical OR | (a || b) is true |
! | Logical NOT | (!a) is false |
Bitwise operators:-
Bitwise operators perform manipulations of data at bit level. These operators also perform shifting of bits from right to left. Bitwise operators are not applied to float
or double
(These are datatypes, we will learn about them in the next tutorial).
Operator | Description |
---|---|
& | Bitwise AND |
| | Bitwise OR |
^ | Bitwise exclusive OR |
<< | left shift |
>> | right shift |
Assignment Operators:-
Assignment operators supported by C language are as follows.
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
= | assigns values from right side operands to left side operand | a=b |
+= | adds right operand to the left operand and assign the result to left | a+=b is same as a=a+b |
-= | subtracts right operand from the left operand and assign the result to left operand | a-=b is same as a=a-b |
*= | mutiply left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand | a*=b is same as a=a*b |
/= | divides left operand with the right operand and assign the result to left operand | a/=b is same as a=a/b |
%= | calculate modulus using two operands and assign the result to left operand | a%=b is same as a=a%b |
Conditional operator:-
The Conditional Operator in C, also called a Ternary operator, is one of the Operators, which used in the decision-making process. The C Programming Conditional Operator returns the statement depends upon the given expression result.
Example:-
Test_expression ? statement1: statement2
Special operator:-
Operator | Description | Example |
---|---|---|
sizeof | Returns the size of an variable | sizeof(x) return size of the variable x |
& | Returns the address of an variable | &x ; return address of the variable x |
* | Pointer to a variable | *x ; will be pointer to a variable x |
Data Types
22 Aug Admin
Each variable in C has an associated data type. Each data type requires different amounts of memory and has some specific operations which can be performed over it.Each variable in C has an associated data type. Each data type requires different amounts of memory and has some specific operations which can be performed over it.
Every C compiler supports five primary data types:
void | As the name suggests, it holds no value and is generally used for specifying the type of function or what it returns. If the function has a void type, it means that the function will not return any value. |
int | Used to denote an integer type. |
char | Used to denote a character type. |
float, double | Used to denote a floating point type. |
int *, float *, char * | Used to denote a pointer type. |
Derived Data Types
C supports three derived data types:
Data Types | Description |
---|---|
Arrays | Arrays are sequences of data items having homogeneous values. They have adjacent memory locations to store values. |
References | Function pointers allow referencing functions with a particular signature. |
Pointers | These are powerful C features which are used to access the memory and deal with their addresses. |
User defined data type
C allows the feature called type definition which allows programmers to define their identifier that would represent an existing data type. There are three such types:
Data Types | Description |
---|---|
Structure | It is a package of variables of different types under a single name. This is done to handle data efficiently. “struct” keyword is used to define a structure. |
Union | These allow storing various data types in the same memory location. Programmers can define a union with different members, but only a single member can contain a value at a given time. It is used for |
Enum | Enumeration is a special data type that consists of integral constants, and each of them is assigned with a specific name. “enum” keyword is used to define the enumerated data type. |
HTML images
HTML Images
HTML images are defined within the <img> tag.
The source file (src), alternative text (alt), width and height are provided as attributes
<img src=”image.jpg” alt=”LearnersTV.in” width=”104″ height=”142″>
HTML Lists
HTML Lists
HTML lists are defined with the <ul> (unordered/bullet list) or the <ol> (ordered/numbered list) tag, followed by <li> tags (list items)
<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>
<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>
Html Headings
Headings help in defining the hierarchy and the structure of the web page content.
HTML offers six levels of heading tags,
through ,the higher the heading level number, the greater its importance — therefore
tag defines the most important heading, whereas the
tag defines the least important heading in the document.
Importance of Headings
- HTML headings provide valuable information by highlighting important topics and the structure of the document, so optimize them carefully to improve user engagement.
- Don’t use headings to make your text look BIG or bold. Use them only for highlighting the heading of your document and to show the document structure.
- Since search engines, such as Google, use headings to index the structure and content of the web pages so use them very wisely in your webpage.
These tags are mainly written inside the body tag. HTML provides us with six heading tags from
<h1> to </h6>
Every tag displays the headings in a different style and font size
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